Why the data suggests it.
Municipal IT-MSP demand. Every principal in the stack carries FBI CJIS Security Policy v6.0 compliance where the agency includes a police, sheriff, or jailer function. Kentucky Open Records Act (KORA) records-management and fulfillment volume is rising as media, watchdog, and private requesters use the channel more aggressively. Cyber-insurance carriers have tightened underwriting through 2023-2025, requiring multi-factor authentication, endpoint detection and response, immutable backups, security operations center monitoring, incident-response retainers, and security-awareness training. The Kentucky Department of Education district-cybersecurity-plan mandate covers the two K-12 districts. The smaller-city tier (Buckhorn and the Perry-resident share of Vicco) cannot staff a CJIS-qualified Local Agency Security Officer (LASO) in-house. The managed-services-as-compliance-vendor pattern is the standard rural municipal answer. Addressable founder math sits at $200,000 to $500,000 per year after factoring incumbents holding partial accounts at the larger principals.
Triple-aggregator sub-contracting demand. KRADD runs Area Agency on Aging Title-III nutrition, elderly transportation, information and assistance, and caregiver support across the eight-county footprint, procuring sub-contracted meal prep, driver services, case management, and IT and records support. LKLP CAC runs Head Start centers, weatherization crews, LIHEAP intake, and housing counseling, procuring sub-contracted weatherization trade work under 40 CFR Part 745 RRP for pre-1978 housing, Head Start Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) foodservice, FMCSA and FMVSS school-bus-grade Head Start transportation, EPA Section 608 center facility services, and program-delivery IT. FAK runs donor-advised funds, disaster-relief funds, scholarship administration, and ARC and EDA philanthropic-match documentation, procuring sub-contracted administrative support, accounting, single-audit prep, and small-grant administration on a rolling per-engagement basis. Addressable founder math sits at $100,000 to $280,000 per year across the three aggregators.
Single-PHA HUD-CFR-24 specialty demand. The Housing Authority of Hazard carries the full HUD 24 CFR procurement and compliance regime: REAC physical-inspection preparation, Public Housing Information Center (PIC) and Enterprise Income Verification (EIV) access controls, voucher-administration record-keeping, Capital Fund Program five-year action-plan documentation, environmental review under 24 CFR Part 58 for HUD-funded activities, Davis-Bacon prevailing-wage documentation for HUD construction, and Section 3 employment-and-procurement targeting. Post-2022 flood CDBG-DR housing rebuild and the DR-4860-KY ledger add a Disaster Housing Assistance Program and CDBG-DR multifamily-redevelopment compliance overlay. The four-code stack (KRS 45A, 200 KAR 5, 24 CFR HUD, and 2 CFR federal) at the single-PHA layer is structurally smaller than dual-PHA counties but sustained by the post-flood CDBG-DR overlay. Addressable founder math at $40,000 to $110,000 per year.
Dual-K-12 same-address facilities demand. PCS (Superintendent Jonathan Jett; roughly 3,593 students across 10 schools) and HISD (Superintendent Sondra Combs) share 315 Park Avenue as legally separate districts. Each district independently procures facilities services — HVAC controls, building automation, integrated security, food-service IT, and access-control card management — plus the KDE district-cybersecurity-plan. The shared-address-but-separate-contract structure supports a Hazard-resident dual-district vendor at lower mobilization cost than a Lexington or Pikeville prime. Addressable founder math at $30,000 to $80,000 per year.
Bundle logic and scheduling discipline. The four-leg bundle compresses scheduling friction across each principal's renewal cycles — cyber-insurance annual, CJIS v6.0 audit, KDE district-cybersecurity-plan annual, REAC inspection, Capital Fund Program five-year, KORA monthly, Area Agency on Aging Title-III annual, Head Start CACFP cycle, weatherization per-home cycle, and donor-advised-fund grant cycle. It offers one founder interface across the municipal, aggregator, and PHA legs. The KRS 45A, 200 KAR 5, and 2 CFR 200 procurement procedures share across all legs. The grant-administration tail (FEMA Public Assistance, HMGP, CDBG-DR Action Plan, and SLFRF close-out) is deliberately carved off to a separate candidate because the 24 CFR Part 58 ERR, 2 CFR 200, Davis-Bacon, and single-audit credentialing form a different arc. The two candidates can co-exist as adjacent specialty firms.
The math.
Per-principal recurring retainer at maturity. Perry County Fiscal Court runs $2,000 to $2,800 per month. City of Hazard runs $2,200 to $3,200 per month as sub-tier specialty plus project overlay alongside any in-house staff. PCS runs $2,200 to $3,000 per month. HISD runs $1,200 to $1,800 per month. HAH runs $1,100 to $1,800 per month. City of Buckhorn runs $250 to $500 per month. The Vicco share runs $200 to $400 per month. Smaller portals run $250 to $600 per month each. The aggregate base is $6,500 to $14,500 per month at 5 to 8 principals on retainer at maturity.
CJIS specialty fractional-LASO engagement — fractional LASO role, CJIS Security Addendum signature authority, annual audit-evidence prep, and quarterly access-review documentation — at $8,000 to $22,000 per principal per year across 2 to 4 CJIS-covered principals (Hazard PD, Sheriff, Jailer, and any Buckhorn or Vicco PD coverage). KORA records-management implementation runs $4,000 to $15,000 one-time per principal, plus $400 to $1,200 per month ongoing fulfillment-as-a-service for principals without dedicated records officers.
Triple-aggregator sub-contracting engagements. KRADD Area Agency on Aging Title-III nutrition, elderly transportation, EDA Economic Development District planning, and Section 5311 and 5310 transit-program sub-contracts run $15,000 to $60,000 per engagement. LKLP Head Start CACFP foodservice, weatherization crew, LIHEAP intake, and housing-counseling sub-contracts run $10,000 to $50,000 per engagement, plus per-home WAP cycle revenue through the 2027-2028 BIL/IIJA cap reverting to baseline. FAK donor-advised-fund administrative support, scholarship admin, and disaster-relief disbursement coordination run $10,000 to $40,000 per engagement. The single-PHA HUD-CFR-24 specialty retainer — REAC physical-inspection prep, PIC and EIV reporting, voucher-administration audit support, and Capital Fund Program five-year action plan documentation — runs $30,000 to $70,000 per year at HAH, plus episodic post-flood CDBG-DR engagements. The dual-K-12 same-address facilities-services engagement runs $15,000 to $45,000 per district per year at PCS and HISD separately contracted.
Year 1: founder solo. Three to five retainer principals, one or two aggregator sub-contracts, and one PHA specialty engagement. Revenue base $90,000 to $180,000. Founder take-home $40,000 to $80,000.
Year 2: founder plus a 0.5-to-1.0 FTE technician if the customer base sustains. Five to eight retainer principals, two or three aggregator sub-contracts, and one PHA retainer. Revenue base $200,000 to $380,000. Founder take-home $70,000 to $110,000.
Year 3 mature: founder plus 1 FTE technician. Six to ten retainer principals, two or three aggregator sub-contracts, one PHA retainer, dual-K-12 facilities, one CJIS specialty, and one KORA specialty. Revenue base $400,000 to $700,000. Sustained founder take-home $130,000 to $220,000. Above $220,000 requires expansion beyond Hazard into the KRADD eight-county catchment or into the grant-administration lane.
Founder-side capital $80,000 to $180,000. Microsoft 365 GCC tenant reseller status, firewall, endpoint detection and response, and remote-monitoring tooling run $22,000 to $40,000 Year 1. One service vehicle and a small Hazard workshop or office lease run $20,000 to $40,000 Year 1. Cyber-liability, errors-and-omissions, and general-liability insurance run $8,000 to $18,000 annually. Founder credentialing (CJIS LASO, HUD-certified Public Housing Manager, NAHRO Specialist of Housing Programs, NIGP Certified Procurement Professional, and a sub-tier weatherization or Head Start CACFP certification carried by an associate) runs $8,000 to $20,000 Year 1. CJIS personnel screening and FBI fingerprint channel run $2,000 to $5,000 Year 1. KORA software-reseller and document-management subscriptions run $4,000 to $12,000 Year 1. A 12-to-18-month working-capital reserve and six-month payroll buffer runs $16,000 to $45,000. This lane does not require purchase of an existing MSP book.
The named operators here.
- Kentucky River Area Development District (KRADD)Regional planning and economic-development pass-through; Hazard headquarters; eight-county catchmentInstitution941 North Main Street, Hazard. Executive Director Michelle Allen. Lee, Owsley, Wolfe, Breathitt, Knott, Perry, Leslie, and Letcher under KRS 147A.050.
- LKLP Community Action CouncilFour-county Community Action agency; Hazard administrative officeInstitutionExecutive Director Tawny R. Acker since 2024 (succeeded Ricky L. Baker). Leslie, Knott, Letcher, and Perry. Head Start, WIOA, LIHEAP, WAP, and housing counseling.
- Foundation for Appalachian Kentucky (FAK)Donor-advised and post-flood philanthropic vehicle; Hazard headquartersInstitution420 Main Street, Hazard. CEO Kristin Walker Collins since December 2023. Founder-in-Residence Gerry Roll. More than $30 million deployed across a 15-year history.
- City of HazardHome-rule city under KRS 83A; county seat of roughly 5,200 peopleActive in marketMayor Donald "Happy" Mobelini, office of record.
- Perry County Fiscal CourtCounty government; sheriff, jailer, county clerk, PVA, Emergency Management, and Road DepartmentActive in marketJudge-Executive Scott Alexander, office of record. The May 19, 2026 primary is referenced as procedural electoral fact only.
- Perry County Schools (PCS)Single county-wide K-12 district; roughly 3,593 students across 10 schoolsActive in market315 Park Avenue, Hazard. Superintendent Jonathan Jett.
- Hazard Independent School District (HISD)Municipal K-12 district at the same 315 Park Avenue address, legally separateActive in marketSuperintendent Sondra Combs.
- Housing Authority of Hazard (HAH)Public housing authority; 24 CFR HUD-CFR-24 specialty surfaceActive in marketExecutive Director to be verified.
- City of BuckhornSmall home-rule city of roughly 140 people adjacent to Buckhorn Lake State Resort ParkInstitutionBuckhorn City Hall, office of record.
- City of Vicco (Perry-resident share)Three-county-straddling Perry-Knott-Letcher municipal incorporationInstitutionVicco City Hall, office of record.
- Kentucky River District Health DepartmentEight-county health district per the KDPH directoryOut-of-countyLee, Owsley, Wolfe, Breathitt, Knott, Perry, Leslie, and Letcher catchment.
- Hazard-Perry County Tourism Commission, Hazard-Perry County Economic Development Corporation, Pine Ridge Regional Industrial Authority, and Perry County Public LibrarySmaller-portal tierInstitutionPine Ridge Regional Industrial Authority carries a $2.0 million EDA award.
- Kentucky League of Cities Buying Network and KLC Insurance ServicesCooperative-procurement and cyber-insurance channelOut-of-countyklc.org.
- Kentucky School Boards Association cooperative procurementGroup-purchasing channel for PCS and HISDOut-of-countyksba.org.
- Kentucky Office of Homeland Security State and Local Cybersecurity Grant ProgramPass-through SLCGP project fundingOut-of-countyhomelandsecurity.ky.gov.
- Commonwealth Office for Technology KIT master-agreementState-IT subcontract path for small-jurisdiction projectsOut-of-countytechnology.ky.gov.
- HUD Region IV Office of Public and Indian Housing (Atlanta)REAC, PIC, EIV, and Capital Fund Program oversightOut-of-countyhud.gov/program_offices/public_indian_housing.
- Hazard Community and Technical College (HCTC)IT-workforce hiring pipeline for Year 2-plus staffingInstitutionhazard.kctcs.edu.
- NIGP Kentucky Chapter, NAHRO Kentucky Chapter, APCO, and NENA KentuckyCredentialing channelsOut-of-countyProcurement-officer, housing-program, and public-safety-communications credentialing.
Acquisition pathway.
The founder profile is mid-career with one of three on-ramps. First, a municipal IT-MSP foreman or county-government IT director background, plus CJIS LASO familiarity, with willingness to add HUD-CFR-24 specialty through a credentialed sub-tier associate. Second, a NAHRO-credentialed PHA-operations or HHS-program-operations background (CAA director-track, Head Start program administrator, or AAA program officer), with willingness to add the IT-MSP leg through a credentialed sub-tier associate. Third, a regional services operator with Hazard residence and existing aggregator-board familiarity, with willingness to credential into both legs. Hazard, Knott, Leslie, Breathitt, or Letcher labor-shed residence and recruiting reach into HCTC materially lowers customer-trust friction inside the principal stack.
Relationship portfolio at launch: KRADD Executive Director Michelle Allen and the federal-pass-through coordinator; LKLP CAC Executive Director Tawny R. Acker, plus Head Start, WIOA, and LIHEAP coordinators; FAK CEO Kristin Walker Collins and Founder-in-Residence Gerry Roll; the City of Hazard office of record, City of Hazard IT staff, and the Mayor's office; the Perry County Fiscal Court office of record, plus Fiscal Court IT and Emergency Management coordinators; PCS Superintendent Jonathan Jett, the PCS IT director, and the PCS Director of Facilities; HISD Superintendent Sondra Combs, the HISD IT director, and the HISD Director of Facilities; the Housing Authority of Hazard Executive Director and procurement officer; the City of Buckhorn and Vicco mayoral offices; the Kentucky River District Health Department; the KOHS SLCGP coordinator and the Commonwealth Office for Technology KIT master-agreement liaison; the HUD Region IV Atlanta REAC, PIC, and EIV channel; the KLC Buying Network, the KSBA cooperative procurement, and the HCTC IT-workforce pipeline. Twelve to twenty named contacts by end of Year 1.
Entity and credentialing posture. Kentucky business registration, KOSHA workers' comp, cyber-liability, errors-and-omissions, and general-liability insurance. Credential stack: CJIS LASO, HUD-certified Public Housing Manager, NAHRO Specialist of Housing Programs, NIGP Certified Procurement Professional, KDE district-cybersecurity-plan familiarity, FBI CJIS personnel screening, and a sub-tier weatherization-program-cycle or Head Start CACFP certification carried by an associate. Microsoft 365 GCC tenant reseller status, firewall, endpoint detection and response, and remote-monitoring stack. KRS 45A, 200 KAR 5, 24 CFR, and 2 CFR 200 procurement-procedure literacy across all four legs. An Eastern Kentucky MSP-and-PHA-experienced broker of record structures the multi-coverage stack.
The practice operates as an owner-operator services firm. National and regional MSPs — Marco Technologies' Lexington office, Dataprise national municipal practice, All Covered / Konica Minolta national K-12 practice, and ProArch national municipal-and-K-12 practice — compete at master-vendor scope and run rural service routes from Lexington, Pikeville, or London hubs. The four-leg bundle, Hazard residence, founder credentialing, and sub-tier specialty against the smaller principal scope sits below their floor.
Boundary. This candidate does not compete for system-level master-vendor scope at any single principal. It operates as a sub-tier specialty and project-overlay vendor at the larger principals (City of Hazard and PCS) where any in-house IT staff or larger MSP relationship covers the prime layer. It operates as a full-outsourcing prime only at the smaller principals (Buckhorn and the Vicco share) where the principal cannot staff in-house. The bundle positions the founder firm as a four-leg integrator rather than a single-leg commodity MSP.
What the data can't see.
- KRADD Executive Director Michelle Allen 2026 confirmation, 941 North Main Street address confirmation, 8-county catchment roster, AAA Title-III OAA designation, and EDA-EDD post-flood scope.
- LKLP CAC Executive Director Tawny R. Acker continuing since 2024, exact Hazard administrative address, Head Start enrollment, WAP per-home-cycle scope, LIHEAP and housing-counseling scope, and 2027-2028 BIL/IIJA WAP cap revert timing.
- FAK CEO Kristin Walker Collins continuing since December 2023, 420 Main Street address confirmation, 990 revenue base, donor-advised-fund program, and post-flood disaster-relief fund scope.
- HAH Executive Director name, unit count, Housing Choice Voucher allocation, and post-2022-flood HUD CDBG-DR allocation through Kentucky DLG.
- PCS and HISD same-address 315 Park Avenue legally-separate confirmation, 2026 enrollment, IT-line budgets, and KDE district-cybersecurity-plan filing status.
- Kentucky River District Health Department headquarters of record (Hazard vs. Hyden).
- PSAP consolidation status across the Perry-resident footprint and the KRADD-region eight-county footprint.
- CJIS-covered department list across the home-rule cities (Hazard PD, plus Buckhorn or Vicco police coverage).
- FBI CJIS Division current guidance on CJIS Security Policy v6.0 transition, plus KOHS FY26-FY27 SLCGP Perry-principal allocation.
- Each principal's adopted FY26-FY27 IT-line budget and adopted KRS 45A sole-source and competitive-bid thresholds.
- Kentucky League of Cities Buying Network and Kentucky School Boards Association cooperative-procurement Perry-principal participation.
- City of Hazard Mayor 2026 incumbency, Perry County Judge-Executive May 19, 2026 primary outcome, City of Buckhorn Mayor 2026 incumbency, and Vicco Perry-resident share Mayor 2026 incumbency.
- Commonwealth Office for Technology KIT master-agreement vendor roster and subcontractor-path structure.
- Incumbent municipal IT-MSP roster across the 5 to 7 primary Perry principals — open vs. closed posture per principal.
- HAH plus HUD REAC, PIC, and EIV third-party contractor-access posture for the HUD-CFR-24 specialty leg.
- Kentucky General Assembly 2025-2027 KORA amendment bills active status.
Investigation roadmap.
Tonight, this week, this month — in that order. Each step produces a yes/no or a number, not a deeper understanding.
- 01Read the KRS 147A.050 Area Development District chartering framework, the KRS 45A Kentucky Model Procurement Code, 200 KAR 5, 24 CFR, and 2 CFR 200 Uniform Guidance.
- 02Read FBI CJIS Security Policy v6.0, KRS 61.870-61.884 Kentucky Open Records Act, the KDE district-cybersecurity-plan mandate, and the KOHS State and Local Cybersecurity Grant Program materials.
- 03Read HUD 24 CFR Part 5, Part 58 ERR, and Part 75 Section 3, plus the Capital Fund Program five-year action plan framework and REAC, PIC, and EIV physical-inspection-and-records standards.
- 04Read the HHS ACL Title-III Older Americans Act framework, HHS Office of Head Start Program Performance Standards, DOE Weatherization Assistance Program, HHS LIHEAP, and USDA CACFP framework.
- 01Engage KRADD Executive Director Michelle Allen, the federal-pass-through coordinator, the AAA Title-III coordinator, and the EDA-EDD planner.
- 02Engage LKLP CAC Executive Director Tawny R. Acker, the Head Start director, the WAP coordinator, the LIHEAP intake coordinator, and the housing-counseling coordinator.
- 03Engage FAK CEO Kristin Walker Collins, Founder-in-Residence Gerry Roll, the donor-advised-fund administrator, and the post-flood disaster-relief fund coordinator.
- 04Engage the City of Hazard office of record, PCS Superintendent Jett, HISD Superintendent Combs, and the Housing Authority of Hazard Executive Director.
- 05Engage the Perry County Fiscal Court office of record, City of Buckhorn, the Vicco Perry-resident-share office of record, and the Kentucky River District Health Department.
- 06Engage the KOHS SLCGP coordinator, the Commonwealth Office for Technology KIT master-agreement liaison, the HUD Region IV Atlanta REAC, PIC, and EIV channel, the KLC Buying Network, KSBA cooperative procurement, and the HCTC IT-workforce pipeline.
- 01Build the capability statement and the relationship portfolio — twelve to twenty named contacts across the four-leg principal stack plus state and federal channels.
- 02Stand up Kentucky business registration, KOSHA workers' comp, cyber-liability, errors-and-omissions, and general-liability insurance. Sequence the credential stack (CJIS LASO, HUD-certified Public Housing Manager, NAHRO Specialist of Housing Programs, NIGP Certified Procurement Professional, and KDE district-cybersecurity-plan familiarity).
- 03Stand up Microsoft 365 GCC tenant reseller status, firewall, endpoint detection and response, and remote-monitoring tooling, and complete FBI CJIS personnel-screening fingerprint-channel work.
- 04Complete vendor-onboarding documentation across KRADD, LKLP, and FAK, the 5-to-7-portal local-government stack, HAH, PCS, HISD, KOHS, and the Commonwealth Office for Technology.
- 05Build a three-to-six quotation pipeline against three municipal IT retainer principals, one CJIS specialty engagement, one KORA records implementation, one KRADD, LKLP, or FAK sub-contracting engagement, and one HAH HUD-CFR-24 specialty retainer.
Who this fits — and who it doesn't.
Fits a municipal IT-MSP foreman or county-government IT director
Prior municipal IT-MSP foreman or county-government IT director tenure, plus CJIS LASO familiarity, with willingness to add HUD-CFR-24 specialty through a credentialed sub-tier associate, gives the founder the customer-trust seed inside the 5-to-7-portal municipal IT stack. The triple-aggregator sub-contracting bench builds in Year 2 as the founder credentials into AAA Title-III, Head Start, and donor-advised-fund documentation literacy.
Fits a NAHRO-credentialed PHA-operations or HHS-program-operations operator
Documented NAHRO-credentialed PHA-operations or HHS-program-operations tenure (CAA director-track, Head Start program administrator, or AAA program officer), with willingness to add the IT-MSP leg through a credentialed sub-tier associate, substitutes for direct MSP tenure. Year 1 runs on the HAH HUD-CFR-24 specialty plus one or two aggregator sub-contracts while the IT-MSP leg stands up.
Fits a Hazard-resident regional services operator with aggregator-board familiarity
Existing Hazard-resident services operator tenure, plus prior KRADD, LKLP, or FAK board or committee familiarity, with willingness to credential into both the IT-MSP and HUD-CFR-24 legs, substitutes for either single-track tenure. The four-leg integration, Hazard residence, and sub-tier specialty is the moat.
Does not fit a first-time founder without MSP, PHA, or aggregator-services tenure
The four-leg credentialing arc, the multi-buyer single-interface administration, the dual-K-12 same-address relationship density, and the KRS 45A, 200 KAR 5, 24 CFR, and 2 CFR 200 quad-stack compound against the founder capital range. A first-time founder would burn through working capital before the first retainer clears.
Does not fit a national MSP
Marco Technologies, Dataprise, All Covered / Konica Minolta, and ProArch compete at master-vendor scope and run rural service routes from Lexington, Pikeville, or London hubs. The sub-tier specialty, four-leg integration, and Hazard-residence scope sits below their floor.
Does not fit a system-level master-vendor or single-anchor posture
Single-customer concentration at any one principal runs the ratio above the 60-percent threshold that triggers SBA 7(a) auto-decline. The four-leg bundle is the credit-structure discipline that keeps the lane financeable.
Other candidates in Perry County, or back to the full report.
- → A Hazard-resident operator running environmental-services, dietary, linen, and non-emergency medical transport into the Paul E. Patton Eastern Kentucky Veterans Center, with secondary rotation across ARH Hazard, Mountain Comprehensive Health, Kentucky River Community Care, and the Hazard-area skilled-nursing and assisted-living roster.
- → A Hazard-resident healthcare-services composite running a DMEPOS supplier lane into the ARH Hazard discharge-planner channel, a behavioral-health sub-contracting lane (LCSW, LPCC, LMFT, and peer-support) into Kentucky River Community Care and Kentucky Mountain Health Alliance, and an occupational-medicine adjunct routed through workers' compensation, DOT physicals, and OSHA medical-surveillance demand.
- → A Hazard-resident workforce-credential broker stitching HCTC Continuing Education and Workforce Solutions sub-contracts to the Challenger Learning Center of Kentucky NASA-STEM partnership and to the Perry County Schools and Hazard Independent School District post-flood career-and-technical-education equipment-installation bench.
- → A Hazard-resident grant-administration micro-firm running FEMA Public Assistance close-out, FEMA Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) forward, HUD Community Development Block Grant Disaster Recovery (CDBG-DR) Action-Plan support, and ARPA State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds (SLFRF) close-out as a sub-contracted documentation service to Perry County Fiscal Court, the City of Hazard, the Housing Authority of Hazard, the Housing Development Alliance, and the Hazard-Perry County Economic Development Corporation. The firm works across two simultaneously open FEMA disaster ledgers — DR-4663-KY (July 2022) and DR-4860-KY (February 2025).
- → A Hazard-resident heavy-civil sub-trade services firm stacking KYTC District 10 corridor sub-prime work along the Hal Rogers Parkway, KY 15, KY 7, and KY 80, with Louisville District USACE and Kentucky Department of Parks and Recreation co-located dam-safety and shoreline work at Buckhorn Lake, plus Abandoned Mine Lands reclamation specialty sub-trade work under SMCRA Title IV and the BIL extension through 2031.