Why the data suggests it.
KYTC District 10 Tier-3 commodity sub-prime. Maintenance of Traffic, traffic control, striping, flagging, Kentucky 811 underground-utility locate, Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan NPDES compliance, and erosion-control inlet-protection sub-prime work run under regional general-contractor primes letting District 10 federal-aid projects. NAICS 237310 (highway, street, and bridge construction), 561730 (landscaping services), 561990 (other support services), and 238910 (site preparation). The District 10 letting cadence supports a single-principal founder at the $150,000-to-$500,000 capital tier with three to five active sub-prime lanes at maturity. Hal Rogers Parkway corridor permanent-restoration work attached to the FHWA Emergency Relief Program adds an episodic surge layer.
Buckhorn USACE plus KDPR small-services dual-channel. Louisville District USACE small-services subcontracts cover routine dam-safety adjacent work, shoreline management, boundary survey, tree marking, and USACE-jurisdiction campground maintenance under NAICS 237990, 237310, and 561730. KDPR concessioner-reserve and outside-the-fence subcontracts cover Buckhorn Lake State Resort Park grounds maintenance, HVAC, electrical, plumbing, roofing, and IT under the standard KDPR procurement framework. The procedural framework matters. The USACE Commercial Use Permit and KDPR concessioner-reserve are two parallel and non-identical procurement frameworks on the same physical Buckhorn Lake and shoreline geography. An operator running commercial activity must navigate both, depending on whether the activity occurs on USACE-managed waters, USACE-managed shoreline, or inside the KDPR Resort Park boundary.
AML reclamation specialty heavy-civil sub-trade. Hydroseed, Appalachian Regional Reforestation Initiative (ARRI) compliant reforestation seeding, erosion control, reclamation engineering, and impoundment site preparation run under regional reclamation general contractors as sub-trade work. The candidate is not a prime acquirer of operating reclamation contractors. Perry's reclamation footprint differs from larger closed-coal aggregates in that Perry carries an active operating-mine remnant alongside the reclamation pipeline.
Composite landslide-on-reclaimed-mine-land remediation lane. A composite service line at the intersection of the three channels covers post-flood landslide-on-reclaimed-mine-land remediation. This sub-trade specialty addresses the Eastern Kentucky failure mode where the July 2022 and February 2025 flood events undermined reclaimed-mine-land slopes feeding KYTC right-of-way, USACE shoreline, and AML-managed reclaimed-bench geography. The composite lane runs $25,000 to $120,000 per engagement at 3 to 6 engagements per year at maturity.
BrightNight Starfire context. The BrightNight Starfire 800-megawatt tri-county Breathitt-Knott-Perry reclaimed-mine-land solar project is 2027-plus context for this candidate, not a current-cycle buyer. If the project advances to construction inside the founder's operating window, the AML reclamation specialty sub-trade and the erosion-control sub-trade carry an additional partial place-of-performance demand layer. Framing language does not lean on Starfire as a near-term revenue mechanic.
The math.
Per-engagement scope. KYTC District 10 Tier-3 commodity sub-prime engagements (MOT, traffic control, striping, flagging, Kentucky 811, SWPPP, and erosion-control inlet protection) run $8,000 to $45,000 per engagement at 12 to 25 engagements per year at maturity. Hal Rogers Parkway corridor permanent-restoration surge engagements run $20,000 to $90,000 per engagement at 2 to 6 engagements per year episodically. USACE Louisville District small-services subcontract engagements (dam-safety adjacent, shoreline management, boundary survey, tree marking, and campground maintenance) run $12,000 to $60,000 per engagement at 4 to 10 engagements per year. KDPR Buckhorn Lake State Resort Park concessioner-reserve and outside-the-fence subcontract engagements (grounds maintenance, HVAC, electrical, plumbing, roofing, and IT) run $6,000 to $35,000 per engagement at 6 to 12 engagements per year. AML reclamation specialty sub-trade engagements (hydroseed, ARRI, erosion control, and impoundment site preparation) run $15,000 to $80,000 per engagement at 4 to 8 engagements per year at maturity. Composite post-flood landslide-on-reclaimed-mine-land remediation engagements run $25,000 to $120,000 per engagement at 3 to 6 engagements per year.
Year 1: founder plus 1 to 2 W-2 crew. One KYTC sub-prime lane, one USACE small-services lane, and minimum-viable AML sub-trade pilot work. Revenue base $180,000 to $400,000. Founder take-home $60,000 to $110,000.
Year 2: founder plus 3 to 5 W-2 crew. Two or three KYTC sub-prime lanes, one USACE engagement, one KDPR engagement, AML sub-trade scope ramping, and one composite remediation engagement. Revenue base $400,000 to $750,000. Founder take-home $100,000 to $160,000.
Year 3 mature: founder plus 5 to 8 W-2 crew. Three to five KYTC sub-prime lanes, one or two USACE small-services lanes, an active AML sub-trade lane, three to six composite remediation engagements, and KDPR concessioner-reserve adjacency. Revenue base $700,000 to $1,400,000. Sustained founder take-home $140,000 to $220,000. Above $220,000 shades into Year-5-plus SBA 504-graduation territory with founder real-estate-plus-equipment acquisition.
Founder-side capital $150,000 to $500,000, sized for $300,000 to $400,000 SBA equipment financing plus a working-capital line of credit. Year 1 equipment mix: tandem-axle truck, arrow board, message board, cone-and-barrel inventory, striping-spray equipment, small skid-steer, hydroseeder, erosion-control inlet-protection inventory, and basic survey-grade GPS at $90,000 to $260,000. A Hazard equipment yard and small office lease runs $14,000 to $35,000 Year 1. General-liability, auto-liability, workers' comp, builders' risk, and pollution-liability insurance runs $14,000 to $45,000 annually. Founder credentialing (OSHA 30, Kentucky 811, MUTCD MOT, SWPPP, DBE, SAM.gov UEI, DOD CAGE, and KYTC pre-qualification small-business roster) runs $5,000 to $14,000 Year 1. A 12-to-18-month working-capital reserve and six-month payroll buffer runs $35,000 to $120,000. SBA 504 graduation flags at Year 3 to 5 for founder real-estate-plus-equipment acquisition once stacked-channel revenue density crosses the 504 product-floor threshold.
The named operators here.
- KYTC District 10 (Jackson, Breathitt County)State DOT district office; Eastern Kentucky 10-county service area centered on PerryOut-of-county822 Elizaville Avenue, Jackson. Administers Hal Rogers Parkway, the new Skyview interchange, KY 15, KY 7, and KY 80.
- Hal Rogers Parkway prime general contractorsRegional GC primes letting the $20M McConnell-secured improvement program and the Skyview interchange packageOut-of-countySWPPP-permitted primes on the corridor capex are the sub-prime customer for the founder's MOT, traffic-control, striping, flagging, and erosion-control sub-trade scope.
- Representative Hal Rogers (KY-05) office; February 2026 $95M Southeast Kentucky CPF packageFederal-appropriations pass-through channel through Kentucky DLG, KYTC, USDA Rural Development, EDA, and FEMAOut-of-countyPass-through buyer surface; not a direct contracting buyer.
- Louisville District US Army Corps of Engineers — Buckhorn Lake operations officeSmall-services subcontract surface; dam-safety adjacent heavy-civil sub-trade; shoreline management; boundary surveyOut-of-countyAuthorized under the Flood Control Acts of 1938; completed 1960. Roughly 550-acre normal pool and 1,230-acre seasonal pool straddling Leslie and Perry.
- Buckhorn Lake State Resort Park (Kentucky Department of Parks and Recreation)Resort Park concessioner reserve and outside-the-fence subcontract for lodge, cottages, marina, grounds, and building servicesOut-of-countyPerry-resident. KDPR resort-tier framework.
- Kentucky EEC Division of Abandoned Mine Lands — Hazard regional officeAML reclamation pipeline buyer for the founder's sub-trade scope under regional reclamation GCsOut-of-countyHazard regional office. SMCRA Title IV, 30 USC 1231, 405 KAR Chapter 24, and BIL Title V Subtitle B AML extension through 2031.
- Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSMRE)Federal supervisor of the Kentucky state-allocation table for AML reclamation fundingOut-of-countyGoverns the upstream allocation flow into Kentucky EEC AML.
- FHWA Kentucky Division OfficeFederal-aid civil rights and federal-aid Emergency Relief Program oversight under 23 USC 125Out-of-countyPermanent-restoration record for Hal Rogers Parkway segments crossing Perry attached to DR-4663-KY and DR-4860-KY.
- Perry County Fiscal Court and City of HazardPost-flood permanent-restoration sub-trade overlap on DR-4663-KY and DR-4860-KYActive in marketEpisodic surge channel.
- FEMA Region IV (Atlanta), Kentucky ODR, Kentucky DLG, and KYEMFEMA Public Assistance, HMGP, CDBG-DR, and state coordination channels for post-flood permanent restorationOut-of-countyEpisodic surge channel coordination.
- Regional AML reclamation general contractorsSub-trade prime relationship for hydroseed, ARRI, erosion control, and impoundment site preparationOut-of-countySpecific prime roster to be verified per regional reclamation-contractor capture.
- KYTC pre-qualification small-business rosterKYTC pre-qualification, DBE registration, SAM.gov, and DOD CAGE channelOut-of-countyDBE under 49 CFR Part 26 plus SBA HUBZone or 8(a) where applicable.
- Kentucky 811 underground-utility locate systemOne-call locate under KRS 367.4901-367.4917Out-of-countykentucky811.org. Sub-prime utility-locate compliance scope.
Acquisition pathway.
The founder profile is mid-career heavy-civil sub-trade with one of three on-ramps. First, prior KYTC District 10, 11, or 12 sub-prime field-team-lead or KYTC pre-qualification small-business operator tenure, with willingness to add USACE small-services literacy and AML reclamation sub-trade discipline through targeted credentialing. Second, prior USACE Louisville District small-services subcontractor or KDPR concessioner-reserve operator tenure, with willingness to add the KYTC pre-qualification small-business roster and AML reclamation sub-trade discipline. Third, prior AML reclamation contractor crew-lead or hydroseed-and-erosion-control specialty operator tenure, with willingness to add the KYTC and USACE small-services legs. Hazard, Buckhorn, Knott, Leslie, or Breathitt labor-shed residence and recruiting reach into the HCTC Industrial Maintenance, Diesel, and Heavy Equipment programs materially lower customer-trust friction inside the KYTC District 10, Louisville District USACE, KDPR, and Kentucky EEC AML stack.
Relationship portfolio at launch: the KYTC District 10 office of record at Jackson, plus District 10 Project Development, Maintenance, and Small Business Office contacts; regional GC primes letting the Hal Rogers Parkway $20M McConnell scope and Skyview interchange; the Hal Rogers (KY-05) office February 2026 $95M Southeast Kentucky CPF pass-through coordinator, plus Kentucky DLG, USDA Rural Development, and EDA pass-through coordinators; the Louisville District USACE Buckhorn Lake operations office, the Louisville District small-business-utilization office, and the dam-safety inspector channel; the Buckhorn Lake State Resort Park general manager, KDPR central procurement in Frankfort, and the KDPR concessioner-reserve coordinator; the Kentucky EEC Division of AML Hazard regional office and the regional supervisor; the OSMRE Kentucky state-allocation channel; the FHWA Kentucky Division federal-aid civil-rights office and Emergency Relief Program oversight; the Perry County Fiscal Court office of record, the City of Hazard office of record, and Perry County Emergency Management; the Kentucky Office for Disaster Recovery, Kentucky DLG, and Kentucky Emergency Management permanent-restoration coordinators; and regional AML reclamation general contractors. Twelve to twenty named contacts by end of Year 1.
Entity and credentialing posture. Kentucky business registration, KOSHA workers' comp, general-liability, auto-liability, builders'-risk, and pollution-liability insurance. Credential stack: OSHA 30; Kentucky 811; MUTCD MOT; SWPPP; DBE registration under 49 CFR Part 26; SAM.gov UEI; DOD CAGE; KYTC pre-qualification small-business roster; USACE small-business-utilization registration; KDPR vendor registration; and Kentucky EEC AML sub-contractor pre-qualification. ARRI reforestation-seeding specification literacy, hydroseed and erosion-control specialty, and impoundment site-preparation capability. SBA HUBZone or 8(a) where applicable. An SBA 504 graduation flag at Year 3 to 5 for founder real-estate-plus-equipment acquisition.
The practice operates as an owner-operator heavy-civil sub-trade services firm. The candidate is not an acquirer of operating reclamation contractors. The AML service mix is specialty sub-trade only. National heavy-civil firms — Granite Construction, Sterling Construction, and the Bowman Consulting heavy-civil-services tier — compete at master-vendor scope and run Eastern Kentucky deliverables from Louisville, Lexington, or Knoxville hubs. The three-channel stack, Hazard residence, same-week mobilization, and the Buckhorn USACE-plus-KDPR co-located adjacency sit below their floor.
BrightNight Starfire boundary. The BrightNight Starfire 800-megawatt tri-county Breathitt-Knott-Perry reclaimed-mine-land solar project is 2027-plus context only and is not a buyer in the buyer roster. Framing language does not lean on Starfire as a near-term revenue mechanic. If the project advances to construction inside the founder's operating window, the AML reclamation specialty sub-trade and the erosion-control sub-trade carry an additional partial place-of-performance demand layer.
What the data can't see.
- KYTC District 10 Chief District Engineer 2026 incumbency. If unverifiable, body prose defaults to "KYTC District 10 office of record" with no individual named.
- Hal Rogers Parkway $20M McConnell improvement program scope, Skyview interchange schedule, and KY 80 widening Six-Year Highway Plan status against the 2026 Beshear Highway Plan and KYTC published lettings.
- FHWA Emergency Relief Program record under 23 USC 125 attached to DR-4663-KY and DR-4860-KY for Hal Rogers Parkway corridor permanent restoration.
- Representative Hal Rogers February 2026 $95M Southeast Kentucky CPF package Perry-allocation pass-through scope.
- Buckhorn Lake USACE Louisville District post-2022 project list, dam-safety inspection cadence, and the Buckhorn Lake State Resort Park concessioner-reserve calendar at parks.ky.gov.
- OSMRE FY26 Kentucky state-allocation table for AML reclamation funding under SMCRA Title IV and BIL Title V Subtitle B, plus the Kentucky EEC Division of AML Hazard regional supervisor.
- KY 80 widening Six-Year Highway Plan status against the 2026 published document.
- KYTC District 10 ten-county service area exact list.
- Regional GC primes letting Hal Rogers Parkway corridor work.
- Buckhorn Lake exact pool elevation, surface acres, and shoreline mileage against USACE Louisville District published operating-pool data and the post-2022-flood project list.
- Buckhorn Lake State Resort Park 2026 lodge bed count, cottage count, marina slip count, and concessioner-reserve schedule against parks.ky.gov.
- AML active-operating-mine remnant versus reclamation-pipeline ratio for Perry against the MSHA District 6 and Kentucky EEC permitted-mine roster.
- Incumbent KYTC District 10 sub-prime, USACE small-services, and AML reclamation sub-trade competitive set — open vs. closed posture per principal.
Investigation roadmap.
Tonight, this week, this month — in that order. Each step produces a yes/no or a number, not a deeper understanding.
- 01Read the KYTC pre-qualification small-business roster framework, the KRS 45A Model Procurement Code, 200 KAR 5, MUTCD, Kentucky 811, and SWPPP NPDES under 40 CFR 122.
- 02Read the FHWA Emergency Relief Program under 23 USC 125 attached to DR-4663-KY and DR-4860-KY, plus FEMA Public Assistance under Stafford Act §406, HMGP under §404, and 44 CFR 206.
- 03Read the Louisville District USACE small-business-utilization framework, the USACE Commercial Use Permit framework, the KDPR concessioner-reserve framework at parks.ky.gov, and Buckhorn Lake State Resort Park operating standards.
- 04Read SMCRA Title IV, 30 USC 1231, 405 KAR Chapter 24, the BIL Title V Subtitle B AML extension through 2031, the OSMRE Kentucky state-allocation table, and the Appalachian Regional Reforestation Initiative standard.
- 01Engage the KYTC District 10 office of record at Jackson, plus District 10 Project Development, Maintenance, and Small Business Office contacts.
- 02Engage regional GC primes letting the Hal Rogers Parkway $20M McConnell scope and the Skyview interchange.
- 03Engage the Hal Rogers (KY-05) office February 2026 $95M Southeast Kentucky CPF pass-through coordinator, Kentucky DLG, USDA Rural Development, and EDA pass-through coordinators.
- 04Engage the Louisville District USACE Buckhorn Lake operations office, the Louisville District small-business-utilization office, the dam-safety inspector channel, the Buckhorn Lake State Resort Park general manager, KDPR central procurement in Frankfort, and the KDPR concessioner-reserve coordinator.
- 05Engage the Kentucky EEC Division of AML Hazard regional office and regional supervisor, the OSMRE Kentucky state-allocation channel, the FHWA Kentucky Division federal-aid civil-rights office, and Emergency Relief Program oversight.
- 06Engage the Perry County Fiscal Court office of record, the City of Hazard office of record, Perry County Emergency Management, and the Kentucky Office for Disaster Recovery, Kentucky DLG, and Kentucky Emergency Management permanent-restoration coordinators.
- 01Build the capability statement and the relationship portfolio — twelve to twenty named contacts across KYTC District 10, regional GC primes, the Hal Rogers CPF pass-through, the USACE Louisville District, KDPR, the Kentucky EEC Division of AML, OSMRE, FHWA, and Perry-resident fiscal-court and city principals.
- 02Stand up Kentucky business registration, KOSHA workers' comp, general-liability, auto-liability, builders'-risk, and pollution-liability insurance. Sequence the credential stack (OSHA 30, Kentucky 811, MUTCD MOT, SWPPP, DBE, SAM.gov UEI, DOD CAGE, KYTC pre-qualification small-business roster, USACE small-business-utilization registration, KDPR vendor registration, and Kentucky EEC AML sub-contractor pre-qualification).
- 03Set up an equipment-financing structure, secure SBA equipment-financing loan approval and a working-capital line of credit, and lock in the equipment-yard lease and six-month payroll buffer.
- 04Build a three-to-six quotation pipeline against one KYTC District 10 Tier-3 commodity sub-prime engagement, one USACE Buckhorn small-services subcontract, one Kentucky EEC AML sub-trade engagement, and one Hal Rogers Parkway corridor permanent-restoration scope.
Who this fits — and who it doesn't.
Fits a mid-career KYTC District 10, 11, or 12 sub-prime field-team lead
Prior KYTC District 10, 11, or 12 sub-prime field-team-lead or KYTC pre-qualification small-business operator tenure, with willingness to add USACE small-services literacy and AML reclamation sub-trade discipline through targeted credentialing, gives the founder the customer-trust seed inside the KYTC District 10 stack. Year 1 runs on one KYTC sub-prime lane, one USACE small-services lane, and minimum-viable AML sub-trade pilot work.
Fits a USACE Louisville District small-services subcontractor or KDPR concessioner-reserve operator
Documented USACE Louisville District small-services subcontractor or KDPR concessioner-reserve operator tenure, with willingness to add the KYTC pre-qualification small-business roster and AML reclamation sub-trade discipline, substitutes for direct KYTC tenure. Year 1 runs on USACE Buckhorn small-services and KDPR concessioner-reserve while the KYTC sub-prime leg stands up.
Fits an AML reclamation crew-lead or hydroseed-and-erosion-control specialty operator
Documented AML reclamation contractor crew-lead or hydroseed-and-erosion-control specialty operator tenure, with willingness to add the KYTC sub-prime small-business roster and USACE small-services subcontract literacy, substitutes for direct KYTC or USACE tenure. The post-flood landslide-on-reclaimed-mine-land composite remediation lane is the founder's distinctive entry point.
Does not fit a first-time founder without KYTC, USACE, or AML sub-trade tenure
The three-channel credentialing arc, the equipment-financing structure, SBA equipment-financing and working-capital underwriting, and the multi-buyer single-interface administration compound against the founder capital range. A first-time founder would burn through working capital before the first KYTC Tier-3 commodity sub-prime engagement clears.
Does not fit a prime-acquirer AML scope
The AML service mix is specialty sub-trade only — hydroseed, ARRI, erosion control, reclamation engineering, and impoundment site preparation under regional reclamation general contractors as a sub-trade contractor, not as a prime acquirer of operating reclamation contractors.
Does not fit a current-cycle BrightNight Starfire posture
BrightNight Starfire 800-megawatt tri-county Breathitt-Knott-Perry reclaimed-mine-land solar is 2027-plus context only. If the project advances to construction inside the founder's operating window, the AML reclamation specialty sub-trade and the erosion-control sub-trade carry an additional partial place-of-performance demand layer.
Does not fit a national heavy-civil platform
Granite Construction, Sterling Construction, and the national heavy-civil-services tier compete at master-vendor scope and run Eastern Kentucky deliverables from Louisville, Lexington, or Knoxville hubs. The three-channel stack, Hazard residence, same-week mobilization, and the Buckhorn USACE-plus-KDPR co-located adjacency sits below their floor.
Other candidates in Perry County, or back to the full report.
- → A Hazard-resident operator running environmental-services, dietary, linen, and non-emergency medical transport into the Paul E. Patton Eastern Kentucky Veterans Center, with secondary rotation across ARH Hazard, Mountain Comprehensive Health, Kentucky River Community Care, and the Hazard-area skilled-nursing and assisted-living roster.
- → A Hazard-resident healthcare-services composite running a DMEPOS supplier lane into the ARH Hazard discharge-planner channel, a behavioral-health sub-contracting lane (LCSW, LPCC, LMFT, and peer-support) into Kentucky River Community Care and Kentucky Mountain Health Alliance, and an occupational-medicine adjunct routed through workers' compensation, DOT physicals, and OSHA medical-surveillance demand.
- → A Hazard-resident workforce-credential broker stitching HCTC Continuing Education and Workforce Solutions sub-contracts to the Challenger Learning Center of Kentucky NASA-STEM partnership and to the Perry County Schools and Hazard Independent School District post-flood career-and-technical-education equipment-installation bench.
- → A Hazard-resident grant-administration micro-firm running FEMA Public Assistance close-out, FEMA Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) forward, HUD Community Development Block Grant Disaster Recovery (CDBG-DR) Action-Plan support, and ARPA State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds (SLFRF) close-out as a sub-contracted documentation service to Perry County Fiscal Court, the City of Hazard, the Housing Authority of Hazard, the Housing Development Alliance, and the Hazard-Perry County Economic Development Corporation. The firm works across two simultaneously open FEMA disaster ledgers — DR-4663-KY (July 2022) and DR-4860-KY (February 2025).
- → A Hazard-resident services firm bundling sub-contracted lanes into three Hazard-headquartered regional aggregators (KRADD, LKLP CAC, and FAK), a five-to-seven-principal small-density municipal IT and CJIS bundle, a single-PHA HUD-CFR-24 specialty, and a dual-K-12 same-address facilities specialty.